Insect declines in abundance have been documented across a variety of ecosystems. In highly urbanised Singapore, the long-term impact of land use change on insect communities is expected to be large but is relatively poorly known, due to lack of quantitative and standardised ecological baselines and the immense diversity of many insect groups, making traditional taxonomic identification methods insufficiently scalable for broader ecological studies. This project aims to establish a network of insect sampling sites that will leverage newly established national long-term forest ecosystem monitoring programmes, and the development of DNA-based methodologies for rapid characterisation of ecological communities.