NUS Bulletin AY2024/25

The Doctor of Medicine (MD) programme at Duke-NUS is a 4-year course comprising of the following phases: pre-clerkship, clerkship, research & scholarship, and advanced clinical rotations.

The programme begins with the pre-clerkship curriculum that integrates core biomedical content in the context of clinical patient care. The biomedical sciences component integrates the disciplines of biochemistry, genetics, cell biology, microanatomy, embryology, anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, behavioural sciences, pharmacology, microbiology, pathology and immunology. The pre-clerkship curriculum is covered in one year.

In the second year, students go through a series of clerkship rotations, gaining broad exposure to core specialties such as Medicine, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Surgery, Fundamentals of Family Medicine and Geriatrics Medicine. Students are required to complete two 5 blocks of 4-week clerkship rotations as Part I and Part II of their clinical placements. During the second year, students also complete the Research and Critical Thinking course as part of the research and scholarship track.

In the third year, students spend approximately 8.5 months on scholarly research activities. They get to select a research area of their interest and carry out a research or scholarship project in that area under the supervision of an academic mentor. At the end of the research/scholarly experience, they are required to submit a research thesis or scholarly paper based on their research or scholarship project. Students may carry out their research or scholarship locally or at our affiliated institution, Duke University, North Carolina, USA.

The advanced clinical rotations in the final year provides students with opportunities to participate in patient care with increased responsibilities. The focus of this year is to have the following core specialties such as Family Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Advanced Surgery, Advanced Medicine, Musculoskeletal, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Dermatology, Anaesthesiology, Integrated Community Care, etc. Students are also given elective time to explore areas based on their career interest.

C.A.R.E (Connect, Assimilate, Reflect and Explore) is a multi-faceted longitudinal programme that spans the 4-year Duke-NUS curriculum (C.A.R.E 1, 2 and 4) and encompasses the “Transition” periods T1 (Joining the Medical Profession), T2 (Learning From & For Patients), and T4 (Caring For Patients). It aims to complement the competencies and capabilities students develop as they progress through clinical and scholarly experiences, enhance learning through active engagement within communities of learning and practice, and equip them with tools to effectively and efficiently practice medicine in an evolving healthcare environment.

The course of study for students admitted from AY2022/23 onwards is as follows: 

Phase 1 (Pre-clerkship)	C.A.R.E 1: Joining the Medical Profession Foundations of Patient Care (Part 1) Foundations of Patient Care (Part 2) Clinical Skills Foundation
Phase 2 (Clerkship)	C.A.R.E 2: Learning From & For Patients Medicine Clerkship Surgery Clerkship Paediatrics Clerkship Obstetrics & Gynaecology Clerkship Neurology Clerkship Psychiatry Clerkship Geriatrics Medicine Fundamentals of Family Medicine Research & Critical Thinking Innovation & Design Thinking
Phase 3 (Research and Scholarship)	Research/Scholarship (Part 1) Research/Scholarship (Part 2) Research/Scholarship Thesis
Phase 4 (Advanced Clinical Rotations)	Family Medicine Clerkship C.A.R.E 4: Caring For Patients Advanced Medicine Advanced Surgery Musculoskeletal Rotation Emergency Medicine Ophthalmology Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) Dermatology Anaesthesiology Integrated Community Care Student-In-Practice (Medicine) Student-In-Practice (Surgery) Electives

Duke-NUS offers a combined MD-PhD track to students who wish to further their academic training. The programme combines medical education with research training to develop clinician-scientists who interface between medicine and science. All students admitted into the programme will be offered a full scholarship for the PhD component as well as scholarships to cover tuition fees for their first 2 years in the MD programme and their final year of MD training (funding amount will depend on bursaries and other scholarships already awarded to assist with MD tuition fees).

Students embark on the PhD component after completing their second year of the MD programme. Upon completion of the PhD component, students will complete the final (fourth) year of the MD programme. Interested students can either apply directly to the MD-PhD programme at the time of initial application or after matriculation into the MD programme. Every year, approximately 15-20% of the MD cohort may be offered a place in the MD-PhD track.

All applicants for the MD-PhD programme are required to sit for the MCAT. This programme does not accept GRE scores. Assuming successful fulfillment of requirements, students who have completed the MD-PhD track will be awarded a joint Doctor of Medicine (MD) and Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree from Duke University and the National University of Singapore.

The Duke-NUS PhD programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine provides training in translational bioscience, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and health policy. During the first semester students complete a core course entitled “Molecules to Medicines” where they learn fundamentals in biomedical research, while simultaneously conducting three laboratory rotations. Subsequently, students choose a thesis mentor and complete their advanced training in one of five specialty tracks:

• Cancer and Stem Cell Biology
• Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders
• Neuroscience and Behavioural Disorders
• Health Services and Systems Research

The degree, which will take on average 4 to 5 years to complete, culminates with the development of a written thesis and a successful oral dissertation defense.

Like the Duke-NUS MD programme, the PhD core course incorporates a novel education strategy which rapidly transitions students to a mode of learning better suited for a lifelong career in biomedical research. From the first week in the programme, students are introduced to scientific literature searches, evaluation and critique of seminal scientific papers. The core curriculum is delivered in a small group collaborative learning environment that reinforces critical thinking and public debate. An overview of the curriculum follows:

Year 1 – Required coursework and lab rotations

All PhD candidates participate in the 15-week core course called “Molecules to Medicines” during their first semester of the PhD programme. This course introduces students to translational research, and provides training on experimental models, methods and mechanisms that drive current investigations into human disease. Scientific ethics training is woven throughout the course. This course is taught by a range of Duke-NUS faculty and staff who introduce their expertise to the students. This is not a lecture course, but an interactive learning course that requires significant preparation and participation.

Students will also conduct three 6-week lab rotations from among the Duke-NUS Signature Research Programmes. Mentors for the rotations must be regular ranked faculty and be on the approved mentor list. These rotations are structured to provide students with first hand exposure to the labs where they may choose to conduct their PhD research. At the end of the rotations, students will be asked to commit to a thesis mentor and a specialty discipline.

During the second semester, students may continue with coursework and/or begin primary research. Specifics will be dependent on the specialty areas students choose to pursue. 

Year 2 – Developing a thesis and qualifying exam

At the start of the second year, students will work toward developing their thesis projects. Students may or may not continue with formal coursework, however, all PhD candidates are expected to actively participate in Duke-NUS Research Seminars and Journal Clubs sponsored by their Signature Research Programmes. These seminars provide students with a forum to give oral presentations, evaluate literature, analyse competitive science, and share ideas on major breakthroughs and future directions for their research field. This activity provides a critical foundation for a career in translational research.

In the first semester, all PhD students take a qualifying or preliminary exam. Successful students will defend a mock grant proposal, providing the faculty with the opportunity to evaluate their fundamental knowledge and ability to pursue hypothesis-based research.

Years 3 & 4 – Research and thesis

After the qualifying exam, the remainder of the PhD training consists of the execution of the thesis project and regular participation in Research Seminars and Journal Clubs. The thesis mentor will guide the student and act as the chair of the student’s Graduate Thesis Advisory Committee. Success of the thesis will be judged by the publication or anticipated publication of at least one first-authored paper, with the emphasis being on quality.

The Duke-NUS PhD programme in Quantitative Biology and Medicine provides training in quantitative methods in biomedical sciences, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including molecular and cell biology, genetics and genomics, modern clinical trials, epidemiology, and healthcare analytics. Students choose one of two concentrations and a thesis mentor:

• Biostatistics and Health Data Science
• Computational Biology

During the first two years, students will complete a core set of courses including “Core Concepts in Biostatistics” and “Core Concepts in Bioinformatics”. The degree, which will take on average 4 to 5 years to complete, culminates with the development of a written thesis and a successful oral dissertation defense. An overview of the curriculum follows.

Biostatistics and Health Data Science Concentration

	Semester 1	Semester 2
Year 1	Study Designs in Clinical and Population Health Research (GMS6801; 4 units) Core Concepts in Biostatistics (GMS6820; 4 units) R-Programming (GMS6821; non-credit) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Core Concepts in Bioinformatics (GMS6850; 4 units) Analysis of Complex Biomedical Data (GMS6802; 4 units)
Year 2	Thesis Research (4 units) Elective (4 units) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Thesis Research (4 units) Biomedical Research Internship (GMS6804; 4 units)
Year 3	Thesis Research (6 units) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Thesis Research (6 units)
Year 4	Thesis Research (6 units) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Thesis Research (6 units)

Year 1 – Required coursework

Students in the Biostatistics and Health Data Science concentration participate in the core course called “Study Designs in Clinical and Population Health Research” during their first semester of the programme. This course introduces students to concepts, study designs and analytic issues that are commonly encountered in research on human subjects.

Students will also complete “Core Concepts in Biostatistics” in Semester 1 and “Core Concepts in Bioinformatics” and “Analysis of Complex Biomedical Data” in Semester 2.

Year 2 – Developing a thesis and qualifying exam

Students will take one elective course on advanced statistics. Some sample elective courses (non-exhaustive and may not open every year) include “Computer Intensive Statistical Methods” and “Statistical Models: Theory/Applications”.

Collaboration and consultation are an important part of the career of biostatisticians. During the second year, the students will participate in an internship in a clinical centre or biomedical research institute. This will provide the opportunities to experience and practise real-life research and stimulate thinking for methodological development.

At the start of the second year, students will work toward developing their thesis projects. All PhD students take a qualifying examination, which includes submission and defense of a research proposal.

Years 3 & 4 – Research and thesis

After the qualifying exam, the remainder of the PhD training consists of the execution of the thesis project. The thesis mentor will guide the student and act as the chair of the student’s Graduate Thesis Advisory Committee. Success of the thesis will be judged by the publication or anticipated publication of quality first author paper(s), with the emphasis being on quality.

In addition, all Duke-NUS PhD candidates are expected to actively participate in research seminars and journal clubs. These activities provide students with a forum to give oral presentations, evaluate literature, analyse competitive science, and share ideas on major breakthroughs and future directions for their research field.

Computational Biology Concentration

	Semester 1	Semester 2
Year 1	Molecules to Medicines (GMS6901; 4 units) Laboratory Rotations X2 (4 units) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Core Concepts in Bioinformatics (GMS6850; 4 units) Student Research Seminars (GMS6900; 0.5 unit)
Year 2	Core Concepts in Biostatistics (GMS6820; 4 units) Thesis Research (6 units) Student Research Seminars (GMS6900; 0.5 unit) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Thesis Research (6 units) Elective (4 units) Student Research Seminars (GMS6900; 0.5 unit)
Year 3	Thesis Research (6 units) Student Research Seminars (GMS6900; 0.5 unit) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Thesis Research (6 units) Student Research Seminars (GMS6900; 0.5 unit)
Year 4	Thesis Research (6 units) Student Research Seminars (GMS6900; 0.5 unit) Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 unit)	Thesis Research (6 units)

 

Year 1 – Required coursework

All PhD students participate in the 15-week core course called “Molecules to Medicines” during their first semester of the programme. This course introduces students to biomedical research, and provides training on experimental models, methods and mechanisms that drive current investigations into human diseases. This course is taught by a range of Duke-NUS faculty and staff who introduce their expertise to the students. This is not a lecture course, but an interactive learning course that requires significant preparation and participation. Students will also complete two 8-week lab rotations and a Journal Club in Semester 1 and attend “Core Concepts in Bioinformatics” & “Student Research Seminars” in Semester 2. The major landmark at the end of Year 1 is the identification of a thesis research mentor and a research area to work on.

Year 2 – Developing a thesis and qualifying exam

In Year 2, students will be required to complete any remaining coursework, and pass the PhD Qualifying Examination (PQE) in the form of submission and successful defense of a research proposal, to qualify for PhD candidature. To train students in writing competitive grant proposals, the research proposal for the PQE will need to be written in the format of a grant proposal following the guidelines of the National Medical Research Council (NMRC), Singapore; however, the students will not be expected to bring in grant funding at this stage to start their thesis research.

Year 3 – Research and thesis

After the qualifying exam, the remainder of the PhD training consists of the execution of the thesis project. The thesis mentor will guide the student and act as the chair of the student’s Graduate Thesis Advisory Committee. Success of the thesis will be judged by the publication or anticipated publication of quality first author paper(s), with the emphasis being on quality.

In addition, all Duke-NUS PhD candidates are expected to actively participate in student research seminars and journal clubs. These activities provide students with a forum to give oral presentations, evaluate literature, analyse competitive science, and share ideas on major breakthroughs and future directions for their research field.

Year 4 – Research and thesis

In Year 4, the thesis research is to be completed, written up, and defended. The thesis should demonstrate scholarship and the student’s ability to perform original, independent research, be pre-approved by the mentor and the programme director, and be evaluated by at least 3 reviewers in the field. The thesis should therefore contain published or publishable work in international peer-reviewed journals.

Elective Courses

Students in the Computational Biology concentration are required to take one elective course to fulfil their coursework requirements. In general, suitable courses offered by Duke-NUS or elsewhere in NUS can be taken as elective, subject to the thesis research mentor’s approval. In particular, students in the bioinformatics concentration can choose one of the biostatistics courses (other than the “Core Concepts in Biostatistics” which they are already required to take) offered by the CQM as their elective. Some additional sample elective courses are listed below (but this list is not exhaustive):

Course Code	Course Name	Units	Offered By
ST5217	Statistical Methods for Genetic Analysis	4	DSAP, Faculty of Science, NUS
CDM5101	Fundamentals of Cancer Biology	4	Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, NUS
GMS6904	Principles of Infectious Diseases	4	Duke-NUS Medical School

The aim of the PhD programme in Clinical and Translational Sciences (CTS) is to educate and train medical doctors and other health science professionals to perform clinical and translational research. The proposed programme will focus on the interface between clinical, biological and social research methods by bringing together experts in quantitative sciences (biostatistics, epidemiology, and bioinformatics), biological basic sciences (genomics, immunomics, metabolomics), ethics, clinical therapeutics, health services and systems research.

The goal is that clinician-scientists trained in this PhD programme will lead research efforts in Singapore in the future and will enhance Singapore’s international reputation in medical research.

Candidates may be admitted on a 3-year full-time or 4-year part-time basis. The programme is self-supporting. Candidates who are Singaporeans or Singapore Permanent Residents are encouraged to apply for tuition support from the NMRC Research Training Fellowship.

Mentorship

Each student will be supervised and guided by one main mentor who is an established clinician-scientist. The mentor will provide the research environment and research support to the student. Further, a thesis advisory committee (TAC) comprised of up to four faculty will meet with the student and mentor on a regular basis to provide expert guidance.

Mentor Eligibility

1. Medically qualified and leads a successful research programme in translational and/or clinical research
2. Evidence of national competitive funding such as NMRC Clinician-Scientist Awards (STaR, CSA, IRG) 
3. Sufficient funding to support the student’s research project
4. Proven track record of peer-reviewed publications in international journals
5. Faculty appointment with Duke-NUS Medical School

Curriculum Overview

The Duke-NUS Master of International Translational Medicine (MITM) is a unique opportunity for students to learn from and engage with world leading experts in Translational Medicine (TM).

The MITM is an executive-style programme that aims to elevate expertise, enhance network, and accelerate the speed of discovery. Therefore, students in this programme bring diverse experiences and expertise, such as in research, entrepreneurship, law and healthcare, among many others, to interact in an integrated, coordinated curriculum focusing on the translational journey from need to cure.

The MITM optimizes three potential career pathways:

1. Enhancing one’s current translational research capacity
2. Positioning an academic for a career in industry (or personal entrepreneurial endeavour)
3. Positioning an industry professional for a career in academics

The MITM curriculum is designed with the full-time employed learner in mind. The programme is comprised of engaging, evidence-based educational strategies delivered both on campus and virtually. The programme extends beyond learning content alone, and intentionally fosters and enhances professional competencies required to be successful in TM, including creative thinking skills, leadership, teamwork, communication, and presentation skills.

The MITM programme is a collaboration between Duke-NUS Medical School and the Eureka Institute for Translational Medicine.

The programme is self-supporting. Candidates who are Singaporeans or Singapore Permanent Residents are encouraged to apply for tuition support from the NMRC Research Training Fellowship. Candidates who are SingHealth employees may approach their respective SingHealth Duke-NUS Academic Clinical Programme (ACP) Chair or Head of Department to explore possibilities of tuition support. NUS Executive and Administrative staff may apply for the NUS Masters Sponsorship.

Curriculum Overview

	Semester 1		Semester 2
Year 1	GMS5801: From Unmet Need to Cure	GMS5802: From Need to Target	GMS5803: From Target to Treatment	GMS5804: De-risking Discoveries
Year 2	GMS5805: Entrepreneurship for TM Researchers	GMS5806: Networking in International Translational Medicine	GMS5849: Thesis
	Elective Course (4 units) (The elective courses will be prescribed on a yearly basis. The course list will be available to students during the study period.)