{"id":683,"date":"2021-02-10T16:23:38","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T08:23:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/qat-nus.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/?page_id=683"},"modified":"2021-03-31T18:17:27","modified_gmt":"2021-03-31T10:17:27","slug":"graduate-education","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/programmes\/duke-nus-medical-school\/graduate-education\/","title":{"rendered":"Graduate Education"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\n\t\tDuke-NUS Medical School\n\t<\/h2>\n<h3>\n\t\tGraduate Education\n\t<\/h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Degree Offered<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>Duke-NUS Medical School offers the following programmes:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> MD Programme<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The Duke-NUS MD programme is distinctively designed to prepare physician leaders in medical research, education, and patient care. This programme spans 4 years, and graduates are awarded the degree of Doctor of Medicine (MD) jointly by Duke University and NUS.<\/p>\n<p>For more information on our MD programme, please click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/education\/md-programme\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> MD-PhD Programme<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Duke-NUS also offers a combined MD-PhD programme that is unique to Singapore. This option is most appropriate for students who are committed to intensive research-oriented careers, combining biomedical research with the practice of clinical medicine. The duration of the MD-PhD programme varies, but is approximately 7 years. MD-PhD students\u00a0start their PhD component after completing the 2<sup>nd<\/sup> year of the MD programme. Upon completion of PhD, students will complete the final (4<sup>th<\/sup>) year of the MD programme.<\/p>\n<p>For more information on our MD-PhD programme, please click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/education\/our-programmes\/md-phd-programme\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> PhD Programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine (IBM)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The Duke-NUS PhD programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine provides training in translational bioscience, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and health policy. The main research areas that are offered include cancer stem cells, neuroscience, cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and infectious disease. The goal of this programme is to train PhD scientists across multiple disciplines with the skills and ambitions of translating basic scientific discoveries into useful therapies for patients. The education and training of the students is supported by award-winning research faculty. Students in the IBM programme will be awarded a joint PhD degree from Duke University and the National University of Singapore.<\/p>\n<p>For more information on our PhD programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine (IBM), please click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/education\/our-programmes\/phd\/ibm-phd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> PhD Programme in Quantitative Biology and Medicine (QBM)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Biostatistics and bioinformatics are increasingly important areas for advancement of biomedical research. There is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.sciencemag.org\/features\/2014\/06\/explosion-bioinformatics-careers\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">high demand for trained professionals<\/a> in these areas, locally and internationally.<\/p>\n<p>Biostatistics and health data science is responsible for experimental design, data analysis, and evidence synthesis and interpretation for answering questions in translational, clinical, epidemiological and health services research. Recent years have seen major changes in the medical landscape, such as the needs for rapid responses to infectious diseases, personalised medicine, and the availability and connectivity of big data. They demand innovative approaches to statistical problem solving. Some examples include adaptive clinical trial designs, dynamic treatment regimes, and high-dimensional data analysis methods.<\/p>\n<p>Computational biology is an integration of data analytics, statistics, machine learning, modelling, software engineering, and computer science to answer questions in basic and translational biomedical research. The explosion of demand for bioinformatics in the last five years has been driven partly by huge decreases in the cost of next generation DNA sequencing, which is 10,000 times cheaper than it was in 2006<a href=\"https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/sequencingcostsdata\/\"><strong><sup>1<\/sup><\/strong><\/a>. As a result, next-generation sequencing is now a foundational technology for much of biological research. The rapid development of many other high throughput technologies is also driving demand for bioinformatics experts.<\/p>\n<p>Duke-NUS will launch its inaugural PhD programme in Quantitative Biology and Medicine (QBM) in August 2017. The programme distinguishes itself from others by focusing on issues in modern biomedical research and preparing researchers to take their skills to advance medicine.<\/p>\n<p>Students will complete their training in Duke-NUS\u2019 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/cqm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Quantitative Medicine<\/a> (Biostatistics and Health Data Science) and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/ccb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Center for Computational Biology<\/a> (Computational Biology).<\/p>\n<p>The degree, which will take on average 4 to 5 years to complete, culminates with the development of a written thesis and a successful oral dissertation defense.<\/p>\n<p>For more information on our PhD programme in Quantitative Biology and Medicine (QBM), please click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/education\/our-programmes\/phd\/qbm-phd\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> PhD Programme in Clinical Sciences (CS)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>The aim of the PhD Programme in Clinical Sciences (PhD CS) is to educate and train medical doctors and other health science professionals to perform clinical and translational research. The proposed programme will focus on the interface between clinical, biological and social research methods by bringing together experts in quantitative sciences (biostatistics, epidemiology, and bioinformatics), biological basic sciences (genomics, immunomics, metabolomics), ethics, clinical therapeutics, health services and systems research.<\/p>\n<p>For more information on our PhD programme in Clinical Sciences (CS), please click <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/education\/phd-clinical-sciences-cs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Curriculum Structure &#038; Degree Requirements<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"fl-builder-content fl-builder-content-2031 fl-builder-template fl-builder-module-template fl-builder-global-templates-locked\" data-post-id=\"2031\"><div class=\"fl-module fl-module-advanced-accordion fl-node-60644bdd96b05\" data-node=\"60644bdd96b05\">\n\t<div class=\"fl-module-content fl-node-content\">\n\t\t<div class=\"nus-fl-accordion-expand-all\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"nus-accordion-expand-button\"><span class=\"nus-accordion-expand-text\">Expand All +<\/span><span class=\"nus-accordion-close-text\">Collapse All -<\/span><\/a><\/div>\n<div class=\"uabb-module-content uabb-adv-accordion \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\" data-enable_first=\"no\" role=\"tablist\" >\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-item\"\n\t\t\tdata-index=\"0\">\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button uabb-adv-accordion-button60644bdd96b05 uabb-adv-after-text\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"expandable\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-label\" >MD Programme<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-icon-wrap\" ><i class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-content uabb-adv-accordion-content60644bdd96b05 fl-clearfix uabb-accordion-desc uabb-text-editor\" aria-expanded=\"true\" >\n\t\t\t<p><strong>MD Programme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Doctor of Medicine (MD) programme at Duke-NUS is a 4-year course comprising of the following phases: pre-clerkship, clerkship, research and advanced clinical.<\/p>\n<p>The programme begins with the pre-clerkship curriculum, introducing students to basic sciences and the fundamentals of patient care.\u00a0Courses cover the basic science content fundamental to clinical core, including: biochemistry, genetics, cell biology, microanatomy, anatomy, physiology, neurobiology, behavioural sciences, pharmacology, microbiology, pathology and immunology. The pre-clerkship curriculum is covered in one year.<\/p>\n<p>In their second year, students go through a series of clerkship rotations, gaining broad exposure to core specialties such as Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Neurology, Psychiatry, Surgery and Medicine. Students are required to complete 5 blocks of 8-week clerkship rotations.<\/p>\n<p>The research and advanced clinical phases span the third and fourth years of the MD programme.<\/p>\n<p>Students spend approximately 8 months on scholarly research activities. They get to select a research area of their interest and carry out a research or scholarship project in that area under the supervision of an academic mentor. At the end of the research experience, they are required to submit a thesis based on their research or scholarship project. Students may carry out their research or scholarship locally or at our affiliated institution, Duke University.<\/p>\n<p>The advanced clinical rotations in the final phase of the MD programme provides students with opportunities to participate in patient care with increased responsibilities. The focus of this year is to have the following core specialties such as Family Medicine, Emergency Medicine, Surgery, Medicine, Musculoskeletal, Community Hospital, Ophthalmology, Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Dermatology, Anaesthesiology, Rehabilitation Medicine etc. Students are also given elective time to explore areas based on their career interest.<\/p>\n<p>C.A.R.E (<em>Connect, Assimilate, Reflect and Explore<\/em>) is a newly developed, multi-faceted longitudinal programme that spans the 4-year Duke-NUS curriculum (C.A.R.E 1, 2, 3, 4) and encompasses the \u201cTransition\u201d periods T1 (<em>Joining the medical profession<\/em>), T2 (<em>Learning from and for patients<\/em>), and T3 (<em>Caring for patients<\/em>). It aims to complement the competencies and capabilities students develop as they progress through clinical and scholarly experiences, enhance learning through active engagement within communities of learning and practice, and equip them with tools to effectively and efficiently practice medicine in an evolving healthcare environment.<\/p>\n<p>The course of study for students admitted from AY2018\/19 onwards is as follows:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Phase 1<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.A.R.E 1: Joining the Medical Profession<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Molecules, Cells &amp; Tissues<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Human Structure &amp; Function<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Brain &amp; Behaviour<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Body &amp; Disease<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fundamentals of Clinical Practice<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Phase 2<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.A.R.E 2: Learning From &amp; For Patients<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Medicine Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Surgery Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Paediatrics Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Obstetrics &amp; Gynaecology Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Neurology Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Psychiatry Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Geriatrics Medicine<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fundamentals of Family Medicine<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Fundamentals of Research and Scholarship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Innovation &amp; Design Thinking<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Phase 3 (Research\/Scholarship)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Research Methods and Analysis<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Research\/Scholarship (Part 1)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Research\/Scholarship (Part 2)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Research\/Scholarship\u00a0Thesis<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>\n<p>Phase 4 (Advanced Clinical)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Family Medicine Clerkship<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 C.A.R.E 4: Caring For Patients<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Advanced Medicine<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Advanced Surgery<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Musculoskeletal Rotation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Critical Care Rotation<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Emergency Medicine<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ophthalmology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dermatology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Anaesthesiology<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Rehabilitation Medicine<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Family Medicine (SIP)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Community Hospital<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student-In-Practice (Medicine)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student-In-Practice (Surgery)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Electives<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-item\"\n\t\t\tdata-index=\"1\">\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button uabb-adv-accordion-button60644bdd96b05 uabb-adv-after-text\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"expandable\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-label\" >MD-PhD Programme<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-icon-wrap\" ><i class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-content uabb-adv-accordion-content60644bdd96b05 fl-clearfix uabb-accordion-desc uabb-text-editor\" aria-expanded=\"true\" >\n\t\t\t<p>Duke-NUS offers a combined MD-PhD track to students who wish to further their academic training. The programme combines medical education with research training to develop clinician-scientists who interface between medicine and science. All students admitted into the programme will be offered a full scholarship for the PhD component as well as scholarships to cover tuition fees for their first 2 years in the MD programme and their final year of MD training (funding amount will depend on bursaries and other scholarships already awarded to assist with MD tuition fees).<\/p>\n<p>[IMAGE PLACEHOLDER HERE. PLEASE PROVIDE HIGH RES IMAGE TO BE ATTACHED HERE]<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-702\" src=\"http:\/\/qat-nus.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/02\/duke-nus-graduate-education-curriculum-300x75.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"488\" height=\"122\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/02\/duke-nus-graduate-education-curriculum-300x75.png 300w, https:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/02\/duke-nus-graduate-education-curriculum-1024x256.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/02\/duke-nus-graduate-education-curriculum-768x192.png 768w, https:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/ay202021\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2021\/02\/duke-nus-graduate-education-curriculum.png 1243w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 488px) 100vw, 488px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Students embark on the PhD component after completing their second year of the MD programme. Upon completion of the PhD component, students will complete the final (fourth) year of the MD programme. Interested students can either apply directly to the MD-PhD programme at the time of initial application or after matriculation into the MD programme. Every year, approximately 15-20% of the MD cohort may be offered a place in the MD-PhD track.<\/p>\n<p>All applicants for the MD-PhD programme are required to sit for the MCAT. This programme does not accept GRE scores. Assuming successful fulfillment of requirements, students in the MD program will be awarded a joint Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree from Duke University and the National University of Singapore. For those having completed the MD-PhD option, the PhD degree will be awarded by the National University of Singapore.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-item\"\n\t\t\tdata-index=\"2\">\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button uabb-adv-accordion-button60644bdd96b05 uabb-adv-after-text\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"expandable\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-label\" >PhD Programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-icon-wrap\" ><i class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-content uabb-adv-accordion-content60644bdd96b05 fl-clearfix uabb-accordion-desc uabb-text-editor\" aria-expanded=\"true\" >\n\t\t\t<p><strong>PhD Programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Duke-NUS PhD programme in Integrated Biology and Medicine provides training in translational bioscience, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including cell and molecular biology, biochemistry, physiology, and health policy. During the first semester students complete a core course entitled \u201cMolecules to Medicines\u201d where they learn fundamentals in biomedical research, while simultaneously conducting three laboratory rotations. Subsequently, students choose a thesis mentor and complete their advanced training in one of five specialty tracks:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Cancer and Stem Cell Biology<br \/>\u2022 Emerging Infectious Diseases<br \/>\u2022 Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders<br \/>\u2022 Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders<br \/>\u2022 Health Services and Systems Research<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The degree, which will take on average 4 to 5 years to complete, culminates with the development of a written thesis and a successful oral dissertation defense.<\/p>\n<p>Like the Duke-NUS MD programme, the Ph.D. core course incorporates a novel education strategy which rapidly transitions students to a mode of learning better suited for a lifelong career in biomedical research. From the first week in the programme, students are introduced to scientific literature searches, evaluation and critique of seminal scientific papers. The core curriculum is delivered in a small group collaborative learning environment that reinforces critical thinking and public debate. An overview of the curriculum follows.<\/p>\n<p>[IMAGE PLACEHOLDER HERE. PLEASE PROVIDE HIGH RES IMAGE TO BE ATTACHED HERE]<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 1 \u2013 Required coursework and lab rotations<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>All PhD candidates participate in the 15-week core course called \u201cMolecules to Medicines\u201d during their first semester of the PhD programme. This course introduces students to translational research, and provides training on experimental models, methods and mechanisms that drive current investigations into human disease. Scientific ethics training is woven throughout the course. This course is taught by a range of Duke-NUS faculty and staff who introduce their expertise to the students. This is not a lecture course, but an interactive learning course that requires significant preparation and participation.<\/p>\n<p>Students will also conduct three 6-week lab rotations from among the Duke-NUS Signature Research Programmes. Mentors for the rotations must be regular ranked faculty and be on the approved mentor list. These rotations are structured to provide students with first hand exposure to the labs where they may choose to conduct their PhD research. At the end of the rotations, students will be asked to commit to a thesis mentor and a specialty discipline.<\/p>\n<p>During the second semester, students may continue with coursework and\/or begin primary research. Specifics will be dependent on the specialty areas students choose to pursue.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 2 \u2013 Developing a thesis and qualifying exam<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>At the start of the second year, students will work toward developing their thesis projects. Students may or may not continue with formal coursework, however, all PhD candidates are expected to actively participate in Duke-NUS research seminars and Journal Clubs sponsored by their Signature Research Programmes. These seminars provide students with a forum to give oral presentations, evaluate literature, analyze competitive science, and share ideas on major breakthroughs and future directions for their research field. This activity provides a critical foundation for a career in translational research.<\/p>\n<p>In the first semester, all PhD students take a qualifying or preliminary exam. Successful students will defend a mock grant proposal, providing the faculty with the opportunity to evaluate their fundamental knowledge and ability to purse hypothesis-based research.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Years 3 &amp; 4 \u2013 Research and thesis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>After the qualifying exam, the remainder of the PhD training consists of the execution of the thesis project and regular participation in Research Seminars and Journal Clubs. The thesis mentor will guide the student and act as the chair of the student\u2019s Graduate Thesis Advisory Committee. Success of the thesis will be judged by the publication or anticipated publication of two quality first author papers, with the emphasis being on quality.<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-item\"\n\t\t\tdata-index=\"3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button uabb-adv-accordion-button60644bdd96b05 uabb-adv-after-text\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"expandable\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-label\" >PhD Programme in Quantitative Biology and Medicine<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-icon-wrap\" ><i class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-content uabb-adv-accordion-content60644bdd96b05 fl-clearfix uabb-accordion-desc uabb-text-editor\" aria-expanded=\"true\" >\n\t\t\t<p>The Duke-NUS PhD programme in Quantitative Biology and Medicine\u00a0provides training in quantitative methods in biomedical sciences, covering a broad spectrum of disciplines including molecular and cell biology, genetics and genomics, modern clinical trials, epidemiology, and healthcare analytics. Students choose one of two concentrations and a thesis mentor:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/duke-nus-medical-school\/graduate-education\/curriculum-information-phd-programme-in-quantitative-biology-and-medicine\/#biostatistics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Biostatistics and Health Data Science<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/nusbulletin\/duke-nus-medical-school\/graduate-education\/curriculum-information-phd-programme-in-quantitative-biology-and-medicine\/#computationalbiology\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Computational Biology<\/strong><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>During the first two years, students will complete a core set of courses including \u201cCore Concepts in Biostatistics\u201d and \u201cCore Concepts in Bioinformatics\u201d. The degree, which will take on average 4 to 5 years to complete, culminates with the development of a written thesis and a successful oral dissertation defense. An overview of the curriculum follows.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Biostatistics and Health Data Science Concentration<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td>\u00a0<\/td>\n<td><strong>Semester 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Semester 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.33835%;\" width=\"49\"><strong>Year 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.0123%;\" width=\"297\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Study Designs in Clinical and Population Health Research\u00a0 (GMS6801; 4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Core Concepts in Biostatistics (GMS6820;\u00a04 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 R-Programming (GMS6821;\u00a0non-credit)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800;\u00a01 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.3883%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Core Concepts in Bioinformatics (GMS6850; 4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Analysis of Complex Biomedical Data (GMS6802;\u00a04 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.33835%;\" width=\"49\"><strong>Year 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.0123%;\" width=\"297\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Elective (4 MC)*<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800, 1 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.3883%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Biomedical Research Internship (GMS6804, 4 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.33835%;\" width=\"49\"><strong>Year 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.0123%;\" width=\"297\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800;\u00a01 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.3883%;\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 9.33835%;\" width=\"49\"><strong>Year 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 47.0123%;\" width=\"297\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800; 1 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.3883%;\">\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>* Electives may include (non-exhaustive list and not open every year): Computer Intensive Statistical Methods and Statistical Models: Theory\/Applications<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 1 \u2013 Required Coursework<\/strong><br \/>All PhD QBM Biostatistics and Health Data Science concentration\u00a0students participate in the core course called \u201cStudy Designs in Clinical and Population Health Research\u201d during their first semester of the program. This course introduces students to concepts, study designs and analytic issues that are commonly encountered in research on human subjects.<\/p>\n<p>Students will also complete \u201cCore Concepts in Biostatistics\u201d in semester 1 and \u201cCore Concepts in Bioinformatics\u201d, and \u201cAnalysis of Complex Biomedical Data\u201d in the second semester.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 2 \u2013 Developing a Thesis and Qualifying Exam<\/strong><br \/>Students will take one elective course on advanced statistics. Some sample elective courses (non-exhaustive and may not open every year) include \u201cComputer Intensive Statistical Methods\u201d and \u201cStatistical Models: Theory\/Applications\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Collaboration and consultation is an important part of the career of biostatisticians. During the second year, the students will participate in an internship in a clinical center or biomedical research institute. This will provide the opportunities to experience and practice in real-life research and stimulate thinking for methodological development.<\/p>\n<p>At the start of the second year, students will work toward developing their thesis projects. All PhD students take a qualifying examination, which includes submission and defense of a research proposal.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Years 3 &amp; 4 \u2013 Research and Thesis<\/strong><br \/>After the qualifying exam, the remainder of the PhD training consists of the execution of the thesis project. The thesis mentor will guide the student and act as the chair of the student\u2019s Graduate Thesis Advisory Committee. Success of the thesis will be judged by the publication or anticipated publication of quality first author paper(s), with the emphasis being on quality.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, all Duke-NUS PhD candidates are expected to actively participate in research seminars and journal clubs. These activities provide students with a forum to give oral presentations, evaluate literature, analyze competitive science, and share ideas on major breakthroughs and future directions for their research field.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Computational Biology Science Concentration<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.1231%;\">\u00a0<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.204%;\"><strong>Semester 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 41.5006%;\"><strong>Semester 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.1231%;\"><strong>Year 1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.204%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Molecules to Medicines (GMS6901, 4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Laboratory rotations X2 (4 MC total)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800, 1 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 41.5006%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Core Concepts in Bioinformatics (GMS6850, 4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.1231%;\"><strong>Year 2<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.204%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Core Concepts in Biostatistics (GMS6820, 4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800, 1 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 41.5006%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Elective (4 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.1231%;\"><strong>Year 3<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.204%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800, 1 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 41.5006%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.1231%;\"><strong>Year 4<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 42.204%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Integrated Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Journal Club (GMS6800, 1 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 41.5006%;\">\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Thesis Research (6 MC)<\/p>\n<p>\u00b7\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Student Research Seminars (GMS6900, 0.5 MC)<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 1 \u2013 Required Coursework<\/strong><br \/>All PhD students participate in the 15-week core course called \u201cMolecules to Medicines\u201d during their first semester of the program. This course introduces students to biomedical research, and provides training on experimental models, methods and mechanisms that drive current investigations into human diseases. This course is taught by a range of Duke-NUS faculty and staff who introduce their expertise to the students. This is not a lecture course, but an interactive learning course that requires significant preparation and participation.Students will also complete \u201cCore Concepts in Biostatistics\u201d in semester 1 and attend New Student Research Seminars in semester 2. The major landmark at the end of Year 1 is the identification of a thesis research mentor and a research area to work on.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 2 \u2013 Developing a Thesis and Qualifying Exam<\/strong><br \/>In Year 2, students will be required to complete any remaining coursework, and pass the PhD Qualifying Examination (PQE) in the form of submission and successful defense of a research proposal, to qualify for PhD candidature. To train students in writing competitive grant proposals, the research proposal for the PQE will need to be written in the format of a grant proposal following the guidelines of the National Medical Research Council (NMRC), Singapore; however the students will not be expected to bring in grant funding at this stage to start their thesis research.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 3 \u2013 Research and Thesis<\/strong><br \/>After the qualifying exam, the remainder of the PhD training consists of the execution of the thesis project. The thesis mentor will guide the student and act as the chair of the student\u2019s Graduate Thesis Advisory Committee. Success of the thesis will be judged by the publication or anticipated publication of quality first author paper(s), with the emphasis being on quality.<\/p>\n<p>In addition, all Duke-NUS PhD candidates are expected to actively participate in student research seminars and journal clubs. These activities provide students with a forum to give oral presentations, evaluate literature, analyze competitive science, and share ideas on major breakthroughs and future directions for their research field.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Year 4 \u2013 Research and Thesis<\/strong><br \/>In Year 4, the thesis research is to be completed, written up, and defended. The thesis should demonstrate scholarship and the student\u2019s ability to perform original, independent research, be pre-approved by the mentor and the programme director, and be evaluated by at least 3 reviewers in the field. The thesis should therefore contain published or publishable work in international peer-reviewed journals.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Elective Modules<\/strong><br \/>Students in the Computational Biology concentration\u00a0are required to take one elective module to fulfil their coursework requirements. In general, suitable modules offered by Duke-NUS or elsewhere in NUS can be taken as elective, subject to the thesis research mentor\u2019s approval. In particular, students in the bioinformatics concentration can choose one of the biostatistics courses (other than the \u2018Core Concepts in Biostatistics\u2019 which they are already required to take) offered by the CQM as their elective. Some additional sample elective modules are listed below (but this list is not exhaustive).<\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Module Number<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Module Name<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>MC<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Offered By:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>ST 4231<\/td>\n<td>Computer Intensive Statistical Methods<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>DSAP, Faculty of Science, NUS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>ST 5217<\/td>\n<td>Statistical Methods for Genetic Analysis<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>DSAP, Faculty of Science, NUS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>CDM 5101<\/td>\n<td>Fundamentals of Cancer Biology<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, NUS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>GMS 6904<\/td>\n<td>Principles of Infectious Diseases<\/td>\n<td>4<\/td>\n<td>Duke-NUS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-item\"\n\t\t\tdata-index=\"4\">\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button uabb-adv-accordion-button60644bdd96b05 uabb-adv-after-text\" aria-selected=\"false\" role=\"tab\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"expandable\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-label\" >PhD Programme in Clinical Sciences<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-icon-wrap\" ><i class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-button-icon fas fa-plus\"><\/i><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"uabb-adv-accordion-content uabb-adv-accordion-content60644bdd96b05 fl-clearfix uabb-accordion-desc uabb-text-editor\" aria-expanded=\"true\" >\n\t\t\t<p><strong>PhD Programme in Clinical Sciences (CS)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The aim of the PhD Programme in Clinical Sciences (PhD CS) is to educate and train medical doctors and other health science professionals to perform clinical and translational research. The proposed programme will focus on the interface between clinical, biological and social research methods by bringing together experts in quantitative sciences (biostatistics, epidemiology, and bioinformatics), biological basic sciences (genomics, immunomics, metabolomics), ethics, clinical therapeutics, health services and systems research.<\/p>\n<p>The goal is that clinician scientists trained in this PhD programme will lead research efforts in Singapore in the future and will enhance Singapore\u2019s international reputation in medical research.<\/p>\n<p>Candidates may be admitted on a 3-year full-time or 4-year part-time basis. The programme is self-supporting and the candidates are encouraged to apply for <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nmrc.gov.sg\/grants\/talent-development\/nmrc-rtf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NMRC Research Training Fellowship<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mentorship<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Each student will be supervised and guided by one main mentor who is an established clinician-scientist. The mentor will provide the research environment and research support to the student. Further, a thesis advisory committee (TAC) comprised of up to four faculty will meet with the student and mentor on a regular basis to provide expert guidance.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mentor Eligibility<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Medically qualified and leads a successful research programme in translational and\/or clinical research.<\/li>\n<li>Evidence of national competitive funding such as NMRC Clinician-Scientist Awards (STaR, CSA, IRG)<\/li>\n<li>Sufficient funding to support the students\u2019 research project<\/li>\n<li>Proven track record of peer-review publications in international journals.<\/li>\n<li>Faculty appointment with Duke-NUS<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Curriculum<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[IMAGE PLACEHOLDERE HERE, PLEASE PROVIDE HIGH RES IMAGE]<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"uabb-js-breakpoint\" style=\"display: none;\"><\/div>\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Admissions<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>At Duke-NUS, we pride ourselves in grooming \u201cclinician plus\u201d, clinicians who not only practice medicine but also play a pivotal role in improving the practice of medicine. It is with this mindset that we welcome\u00a0promising individuals from diverse academic backgrounds to join our community and work with us to realise our vision.\u00a0\u00a0As such, a holistic admissions review, individualised to reasonably evaluate applicants, has been put in place to identify potential students who will be the right fit for the programme. Broadly speaking, the admissions process takes into account a combination of personal attributes, experiences, and academic accomplishments.<\/p>\n<p>For details on the admission requirements for our MD, MD-PhD, or PhD programmes, please visit\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/admissions\/admission-requirements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/admissions\/admission-requirements\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4>Financial Assistance and Scholarships<\/h4>\n\t\t\t<p>For faculty-administered scholarship, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/admissions\/tuition-fees-scholarships-financial-aid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.duke-nus.edu.sg\/admissions\/tuition-fees-scholarships-financial-aid<\/a><\/p>\n<p>For university-wide scholarship and financial assistance, visit <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/registrar\/prospective-students\/graduate\/scholarship\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/registrar\/prospective-students\/graduate\/scholarship<\/a> and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/registrar\/prospective-students\/graduate\/financial-aid-schemes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.nus.edu.sg\/registrar\/prospective-students\/graduate\/financial-aid-schemes<\/a> respectively<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Duke-NUS Medical School Graduate Education Degree Offered Duke-NUS Medical School offers the following programmes: MD Programme The Duke-NUS MD programme is distinctively designed to prepare physician leaders in medical research, education, and patient care. 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